Friday, 13 January 2006 - 12:00 PM
26P

Service Use among Asian Americans: a Look at the 2000 NHIS

Duy D. Nguyen, MSW, Columbia University.

Though the Asian population in the U.S. has grown exponentially since 1970, studies of surveillance data overlook the health status and utilization patterns of Asian adults. This study seeks to explore factors associated with prevalent health conditions, emotional status, as indicated by level of hopelessness, and service use among Asian adults. Logistic regression models will test the hypotheses that: different population characteristics will be associated with different health statuses; and health status and emotional state will be significantly associated with service use. This study is a secondary data analysis using publicly available data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2000 Sample Adult Section, which sampled one individual over the age of 18 from the households identified in the general study, collecting a total of 32,374 records. This analysis is conducted using those records identified with the Asian race alone (N=814). Using Andersen's behavioral model as a framework, this study uses examine service utilization and the following health statuses: hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, emotional limitation, and functional limitations. Different predictors were observed to be significantly associated with the tested health outcomes. Age was associated with greater morbidity. Men were more likely than women to have hypertension and diabetes. People who lived alone were more likely to suffer from heart disease. Asians living in the West were less likely to have diabetes than their counterparts across the county. Poverty status was associated with heart disease, emotional, and functional limitations. Hopeless affect was associated with all health conditions. Age and poverty level were associated with service use. Men generally used services less than women in the general population. The presence of a functional limitation suggests the need for chronic care, accounting for the increased likelihood of observed service use. Often perceived as a “model minority” group that has few mental health needs, Asian Americans have serious health and mental health needs that require professional medical attention. The development and provision of culturally appropriate physical and behavioral health care is crucial to address the health disparities observed among racial and ethnic minority, and immigrant groups. These findings suggest the need for better training of health care providers to identify mental health needs among Asian patients, enhanced service capacity to provide culturally responsive services, and the development of culturally appropriate psychiatric screening tools. Further programs and studies exploring the effectiveness of providing mental health services in nontraditional settings, such as primary health clinics, can enable professionals to meet the psychosocial needs of Asian communities. Further research that examines the health status of specific Asian ethnic groups can inform culturally competent practice. Improved health literacy initiatives targeted at Asian groups can address each group's unique language and cultural needs to effectively convey health information. Community-based efforts to address stigma associated with chronic conditions, especially mental health issues, are vital to improving mental wellness among Asians. Finally, issues related to health care parity between physical and psychiatric services need to be remedied in order to reduce the institutional stigma associated with seeking mental health care.

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