Contextualizing the Psychological Impact of the Swine Depopulation Methods for Mental Health Professionals

Background: Several recent studies have explored the psychological impact of swine depopulation on farmers and farm workers. A study by Ritter et al. (2017) found that depopulation is associated with significant stress and emotional impact, particularly for those who have invested significant time and resources in their herds. Participants reported feelings of guilt and sadness, as well as physical symptoms such as sleep disturbance and fatigue. Another study by Tyner et al. (2016) found that depopulation can result in a sense of loss of control and identity, further contributing to stress and anxiety. While necessary to prevent the spread of the virus, depopulation can have a significant psychological impact on veterinarians, farmers and farm workers, as well as the broader community.

Methods: A web-based survey was distributed between December 2020-January 2021 via email to the American Association of Swine Veterinarians (AASV) to assess swine veterinarians' experiences and feelings regarding the swine depopulation that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interested participants from the parent study were directed to a web-based intake form to ensure the anonymity of the surveys. The analytic sample consists of N=15 from the parent study (N=25). Topics included but were not limited to perceived support, nature of death, and coping strategies. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using video conference platforms and the telephone. Interviews lasted from 30 to 90 minutes. Each interview was recorded, transcribed, and reviewed by the research team to verify accuracy of data in DeDoose. Content analysis was utilized by applying a systematic approach to identify themes.

Results: The preliminary findings from the data indicate the presence of three central the: (1) the burden of accountability, (2) the contrast between validation and ethics, and (3) the welfare of humans and animals. Additionally, it highlights communication as the paramount means for reducing stress.

Conclusions and Implications: Swine depopulation can have a significant psychological impact on farmers, farm workers, and the broader community. Mental health professionals have a critical role to play in supporting those affected by providing education and training, utilizing telehealth, and engaging with community organizations. Collaboration between mental health professionals and other stakeholders is essential in providing an effective and coordinated response to the psychological impact of swine depopulation. Further research is needed to better understand the long-term impact of depopulation on mental health and to develop effective interventions to support those affected.