Navigating the Research Synthesis Landscape: Choosing Among the Different Methods

In the ever-evolving landscape of social work research, the synthesis of evidence plays a pivotal role in shaping practice, policy, and knowledge dissemination. Research synthesis products, such as systematic reviews, scoping reviews, rapid reviews, reviews of reviews, and evidence and gap maps serve as valuable tools to collate, analyze, and interpret existing research findings. However, navigating the diverse array of synthesis methods can be confusing and challenging. Common errors and misconceptions often arise in selecting between these methods, such as assuming that all reviews are interchangeable or overlooking the specific aims each method is designed to address. For instance, while systematic reviews aim to provide a rigorous and comprehensive synthesis of existing evidence on a specific research question, scoping reviews are more exploratory in nature, mapping the existing literature to identify gaps, trends, and areas for further study. Rapid reviews, on the other hand, prioritize efficiency by streamlining the review process to produce timely evidence for urgent decision-making. Reviews of reviews synthesize findings from multiple reviews to offer a broader perspective on a topic, while evidence and gap maps visually represent the distribution of evidence and identify areas with limited research. These distinctions highlight the need for a nuanced understanding of the unique characteristics, methodologies, and purposes of each synthesis method.

This workshop aims to demystify these various types of research synthesis, providing participants with a comprehensive overview to help them select and conduct the most appropriate synthesis for their research questions and aims.

Learning Goals:

Differentiating Between Synthesis Methods: Participants will learn to distinguish between systematic reviews, rapid reviews, scoping reviews, reviews of reviews, evidence and gap maps, and other synthesis methods. They will gain an understanding of the distinct aims, methodologies, and applications of each method, enabling them to make informed choices when selecting the most suitable approach for their research questions and objectives.

Understanding Methodological Approaches: Participants will explore the various steps and processes involved in conducting each type of synthesis, from literature search and selection to data extraction and analysis. They will develop a comprehensive understanding of the methodological nuances and considerations that influence the rigor, scope, and outcomes of different synthesis methods.